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How to Restore Timber Sash Windows in Cambridge Many homes in Cambridge have sash windows that are traditional and homeowners are proud of their appearance. However, sash windows can get stuck and be difficult to open or close. This is usually due to moisture that can cause the wood to swell. Traditionally, box sash windows utilised chains, cotton cords or weights made of lead to operate. Modern sash windows come with hidden springs to overcome this issue. 1. Aesthetics Timber sash windows, unlike PVC-u windows which are manufactured in imperial sizes and are modular, can be reconstructed to their original size. This allows for the restoration of timber sash windows to meet the current energy requirements and conform to conservation area regulations. It also offers windows that have a more attractive appearance than uPVC alternatives. Sliding frames for windows made of sash were originally only used for large buildings or public buildings. However this changed as production became cheaper and artisans could produce larger frames with more glass. In the late 18th century windows made of sash were the predominant design of wood in the majority of British homes. Sash windows were simple to operate and let light in rooms without the need for curtains. The first windows were made of clear glass, but in the 17th century sash windows started to be more decorative. They were initially made of colored glazing bars, also known as mullions. They were costly at first, but as glass production became cheaper and more efficient, they were commonplace in many historic homes. In cambridge glazing was possible to create large, sturdy glass that didn't require supporting bars. This allowed the frame to be enlarged and, in turn, gave a better view. This was an important innovation. Another important improvement was the introduction of the double-hung sliding window at the end of I920s and at the beginning of the I930s. This allowed both the lower and upper sash to be opened at the same time and also improved the ventilation of the building. The most common kind of sash is made from slow-growing deal (pine) however oak was also used in more luxurious buildings and in earlier examples. A parting bead separates the two sashes. It is important that this is well maintained to prevent rattles and drafts. The idler wheels, sash pulleys and sash rollers are vital for the proper operation of the window. 2. Energy efficiency As clearer and larger sheets of glass were made available, sash windows began to replace hinged casements. Glass plates were set in frames made of timber, which were pinned with glazing sprigs and putty was applied to the frame's two sides for watertightness. This type of glazing gradually replaced the use of leaded lights. The introduction of sashes led to the need for a larger variety of ironmongery with the basic fittings being brass pulleys as well as lead (and later cast iron) weights, sash stoppers shutter hinges and knobs, and a range of fasteners to hold the sashes to their place. They were often decorated with motifs, inscriptions, and engravings that identified the maker. Sash windows are energy-efficient with regular maintenance. But, if you don't maintain them, they may become drafty and let in cold air. Draughts can also result from the degeneration of paint and putty. It is possible to fix this issue with wood-to-timber products. The market for replacement windows is based heavily on the belief that older windows are beyond repair and are not able to be maintained economically. However windows can be easily maintained with a little attention. However, repairs to these windows can be expensive and involve substantial disruption to the home. Many homeowners opt to replace their windows using PVC-u from a huge “one-stop shop” installation company. They can replace all windows in a home in one day, thereby saving time and avoiding the need for various tradesmen to coordinate. They are also available with 'energy saving' double-glazing to get greater energy efficiency than those offered by traditional sash windows. Double-glazed windows aren't capable of resembling the proportions and section of the sashes made of timber from the past. 3. Security Traditional windows can be secured without compromising their style. Many types of ironmongery can be installed, including sash chains, mortice bolts and locks for sash. They can be fitted so that the window is still open to allow ventilation or cleaning. They are usually not noticeable since they are designed to be used in conjunction with sash windows. They can be used in conjunction with traditional sash-window catches that must be replaced by more robust models (such as those incorporating double screws) or spring levers to decrease the risk of them being hammered out. Sash-window frames were constructed from slow grown deal or, in more prestigious houses, from oak. If the glazing bars are still in good condition, they should be retained. If it is feasible, the cills made of timber should be replaced by timber that is compatible with. Many PVC-U companies provide a one-stop shop installation service. They can take down and replace windows throughout a home in a single day, without involving other tradespeople. 4. Ventilation When sash windows first introduced in the 17th century they allowed a large amount of light to flood into buildings. At the end of the 18th century they were altered to allow even more light into rooms, and larger glass panes began to be manufactured. The result was a much lighter appearance, and windows with a higher degree of elegance than before. The introduction of sash windows also necessitated a new range of ironmongery. Early pulleys were of wood, later Victorian ones were made from brass or a mixture of lead and wood and there were various types of shutter hinges and knobs. Ironmongery elements must be retained and cleaned down to ensure that the exquisite quality of their design can be appreciated. To ensure they remain in good condition, timber windows require regular maintenance. Lack of regular attention may lead to: Sashes that do not slide easily. Holes in the frame which allow water to enter and cause decay and damage. Water can penetrate the putty and cause decay to the frame or cill. In the I920s and I930s, steel casement windows increased in popularity due to their strength slim and affordable, and complemented the vogue for healthy living. Research has shown that softwood sash windows are just as efficient as PVC-u windows and can even be more attractive. The window replacement industry has done a lot to persuade house owners that their old windows are rotten, draughty and beyond repair. However, many older windows made of timber are in good shape and with minor repairs can easily be maintained for years to come. 5. Maintenance The traditional sash windows require regular maintenance and inspection. If you don't maintain your sash window, it could lead to the sash cords breaking, and the glazing bars deteriorating excessively. It can also cause the paint and putty to degrade. The removal of sashes may also cause structural movement within the frame that causes the sash to move out of alignment and unable to close correctly. The sash can also be stuck in the open position, allowing the water and drafts to enter the property. The damage to timber windows is often caused by water penetration. This can be avoided by regular maintenance by thorough painting and eliminating the cause of dampness. Wet rot is recognisable by the wavy appearance of the existing paint which can be stripped to reveal soft, rotting wood. The sections that are rotting should be carefully cut out and the affected part should be snared together or glued together with replacements of the exact nature as the rest of the timber. This method of repair maximizes the amount of fabric used in the first place and is one of most non-invasive methods to treat timber-to-timber rot. The use of a resin-based wood consolidant is an alternative to traditional sanding and staining. It is brushed onto the surface of the wood to protect it and strengthen it. It is particularly useful for the treatment of sash and pulley cords, where it can prevent breakage. It is crucial to restore and not replace any old ironmongery, like sash latches and stays. It can be difficult to replace these items without compromising their original design. It is also advised that fittings made of aluminum, such as sashlifts and chainstays, be avoided as they can cause corrosion and deterioration of timber frames and sashes.